"Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus" combination inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reduces inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophage by inducing autophagy / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the effect of "Trichosanthis Fructus-Allii Macrostemonis" combination(GX) on the activation of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome, the release of inflammatory cytokines, and the level of autophagy in RAW264.7 macrophage damaged by lipopolysaccharide(LPS), and the mechanism of GX against inflammatory response in macrophages. To be specific, LPS was used to induce the injury of RAW264.7 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay was employed to measure the survival rate of cells, and Western blot to detect the protein expression of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC), cysteine-aspartic acid protease(caspase)-1, interleukin(IL)-18, IL-1β, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3)-Ⅱ, and selective autophagy junction protein p62/sequestosome 1 in RAW264.7 macrophages. ELISA was used to measure the levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in RAW264.7 cells. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the number of autophagosomes in RAW264.7 cells. Immunofulourescence staining was used to detect the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and p62 in RAW264.7 cells. The result showed that GX significantly reduced the protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 in RAW264.7 cells, significantly increased the protein expression of LC3Ⅱ, decreased the expression of p62, significantly inhibited the secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β, significantly increased the number of autophagosomes, significantly enhanced the immunofluorescence of LC3Ⅱ, and reduced the immunofluorescence of p62. Furthermore, 3-methyladenine(3-MA) could reverse the inhibitory effect of GX on NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 and reduce the release of IL-18 and IL-1β. In summary, GX can increase of the autophagy activity of RAW264.7 and inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and suppressing inflammatory response in macrophages.

Expression and relationship of miR-379 and human kinesin like family member 4A in triple-negative breast cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the expression and relationship of miR-379 and human kinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).Methods:A total of 52 patients diagnosed with TNBC in breast department at Puji Branch of Dongguan People′s Hospital between January 2016 and November 2019 were retrospectively selected as the study group. Meanwhile, 70 patients with non-triple-negative breast cancer (NTNBC) diagnosed in the same period were selected as the control group. The expression levels of miR-379 and KIF4A in both groups were detected. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the area under the curve (AUC) of miR-379 and KIF4A predicting TNBC was calculated; The relationship between the expression levels of miR-379 and KIF4A and clinicopathological parameters, and the correlation between the expression level of miR-379 and KIF4A were analyzed.Results:The expression level of KIF4A in study group was higher than that in control group [(6.93±0.43) vs (3.75±0.25), P<0.05], and the expression level of miR-379 in study group was lower than that in control group [(0.54±0.17) vs (0.87±0.32), P<0.05]. MiR-379 combined with KIF4A expression had the greatest diagnostic value for TNBC: AUC 0.823 (95% CI: 0.730- 0.917), specificity 0.785, sensitivity 0.950; Univariate analysis showed that there were significant difference in the expression of miR-379 in TNBC patients with different clinical stages, tumor diameter, and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05); There were significant difference in the expression of KIF4A in TNBC patients with different clinical stages and tumor diameter (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR-379 expression was negatively correlated with KIF4A expression in TNBC ( r=-0.349, P<0.05). Conclusions:The expression of miR-379 is down-regulated, while the expression of KIF4A is up-regulated in patients with TNBC. The two are related to poor clinicopathological characteristics, which indicates that they can be used for condition evaluation of the patients.

Retrospective analysis of infliximab in the treatment of Kawasaki disease / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of infliximab (IFX) therapy for children with Kawasaki disease. Methods: Sixty-eight children with Kawasaki disease who received IFX therapy in Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2014 to April 2021 were enrolled. The indications for IFX administration, changes in laboratory parameters before and after IFX administration, response rate, drug adverse events and complications and outcomes of coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) were retrospectively analyzed. Comparisons between groups were performed with unpaired Student t test or Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square test. Results: Among 68 children with Kawasaki disease, 52 (76%) were males and 16 (24%) were females. The age of onset was 2.1 (0.5, 3.8) years. IFX was administered to: (1) 35 children (51%) with persistent fever who did not respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or steroids, 28 of the 35 children (80%) developed CAA before IFX therapy; (2) 32 children (47%) with continuous progression of CAA; (3) 1 child with persistent arthritis. In all cases, IFX was administered as an additional treatment (the time from the onset of illness to IFX therapy was 21 (15, 30) days) which consisted of second line therapy in 20 (29%), third line therapy in 20 (29%), and fourth (or more) line therapy in 28 (41%). C-reactive protein (8 (4, 15) vs. 16 (8, 43) mg/L, Z=-3.38, P=0.001), serum amyloid protein A (17 (10, 42) vs. 88 (11, 327) mg/L, Z=-2.36, P=0.018) and the percentage of neutrophils (0.39±0.20 vs. 0.49±0.21, t=2.63, P=0.010) decreased significantly after IFX administration. Fourteen children (21%) did not respond to IFX and received additional therapies mainly including steroids and cyclophosphamide. There was no significant difference in gender, age at IFX administration, time from the onset of illness to IFX administration, the maximum coronary Z value before IFX administration, and the incidence of systemic aneurysms between IFX-sensitive group and IFX-resistant group (all P>0.05). Infections occurred in 11 cases (16%) after IFX administration, including respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract, skin and oral infections. One case had Calmette-Guérin bacillus-related adverse reactions 2 months after IFX administration. All of these adverse events were cured successfully. One child died of CAA rupture, 6 children were lost to follow up, the remaining 61 children were followed up for 6 (4, 15) months. No CAA occurred in 7 children before and after IFX treatment, while CAA occurred in 54 children before IFX treatment. CAA regressed in 23 (43%) children at the last follow-up, and the diameter of coronary artery recovered to normal in 10 children. Conclusion: IFX is an effective and safe therapeutic choice for children with Kawasaki disease who are refractory to IVIG or steroids therapy or with continuous progression of CAA.

Progress in the study of intracranial arterial dolichoectasia / 中华神经科杂志

Intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (IADE), also known as dilated cerebral artery disease, is manifested as an increase in the length and diameter of one or more intracranial arteries, the affected arteries being enlarged and dilated significantly, or even with winding and tortuosity. The diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of IADE are mainly based on the diameter and curvature of the intracranial artery. IADE can be manifested as ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, hydrocephalus, and hemorrhagic stroke. The review focuses on IADE, including the concept, diagnostic criteria, etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, clinical manifestations, treatment, and prognosis.

Anti-Parkinson mechanism of Foshou Powder based on factorial design / 中草药

Objective: To explore the effects and potential mechanism of Foshou Powder on Parkinson’s disease. Methods: Reserpine was injected in KM mice to establish Parkinson’s disease model, and hypothermia and akinesia were measured to evaluate the effects of volatile oil of Angelica sinensis, Ligusticum chuanxiong and combination. The human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) activity and inhibition mode were measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry in vitro with kynuramine as the common substrate of human monoamine oxidase A (hMAO-A) and human monoamine oxidase B (hMAO-B). On this basis, the 2 × 4 factorial design was applied to research the interaction between Angelica sinensis volatile oil and Ligusticum chuanxiong volatile oil. Results: The antagonistic experiments of reserpine showed that the application of Angelica sinensis volatile oil and Ligusticum chuanxiong volatile oil significantly improved hypothermia and akinesia. Enzyme activity test revealed that volatile oil of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong had competitive inhibitory effects on hMAO-A and hMAO-B, and the combination of the two substances had significant synergistic effect on the activity of both hMAO. Conclusion: Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong in Foshou Powder have significant synergistic effects in the prevention and treatment of Parkinson’s disease, which may be related to the inhibition of MAO activity.

Study on classification and identification of depressed patients and healthy people among adolescents based on optimization of brain characteristics of network / 生物医学工程学杂志

To enhance the accuracy of computer-aided diagnosis of adolescent depression based on electroencephalogram signals, this study collected signals of 32 female adolescents (16 depressed and 16 healthy, age: 16.3 ± 1.3) with eyes colsed for 4 min in a resting state. First, based on the phase synchronization between the signals, the phase-locked value (PLV) method was used to calculate brain functional connectivity in the θ and α frequency bands, respectively. Then based on the graph theory method, the network parameters, such as strength of the weighted network, average characteristic path length, and average clustering coefficient, were calculated separately (

The effects of low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with hyperbaric oxygen in the treat-ment of non-fluent aphasia / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of repeated application of low-frequency transcranial magne-tic stimulation ( rTMS) when combined with hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO) in the treatment non-fluent aphasia after a stroke. Methods Forty-eight stroke survivors with non-fluent aphasia were randomly assigned to a control group, an HBO group or an observation group, each of 16. All received conventional rehabilitation therapy consisting of drug therapy, speech training and conventional physical exercises, while the HBO and observation groups were additionally given HBO and rTMS combined with HBO respectively. The 1 Hz rTMS was applied over the Broca's homologues of the unaffected hemisphere. Before and after 4 weeks of treatment, the Western Aphasia Battery ( WAB) was used to evaluate the subjects' language function and the Modified Barthel Index ( MBI) was used to assess their ability in the activities of daily living. Results There was no significant difference in the average WAB scores among the three groups before the treatment. After 4 weeks of treatment the average WAB and MBI scores of the HBO group and the observation group had improved significantly, and there was then a significant difference among the three groups. The observation group was performing significantly better than the HBO group and the control group in spontaneous speech, auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, AQ score and MBI score. Pairwise comparisons showed that the observation group's average WAB score, spontaneous speech, auditory comprehension, repetition, naming, AQ score and MBI score were the best, followed by those of the HBO group and then those of the control group. All of the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Low-frequency rTMS combined with HBO can significantly improve the language function and the quality of life of patients with non-fluent aphasia. Such combined therapy is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Effect of transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia.Methods Forty-eight male patients undergoing laparoscopic tension-free repair of inguinal hernia under general anesthesia,aged 65-75 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with body mass index of 20-28 kg/m2,were divided into 2 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table method:TAP block combined with general anesthesia group (group TG) and general anesthesia group (group G).Anesthesia was induced with midazolam,cisatracurium besylate,sufentanil and etomidate,and the patients were mechanically ventilated after laryngeal mask airway insertion.TAP block was performed through the anterior superior iliac spine approach,and 0.25％ ropivacaine 30 ml was injected in group TG.Anesthesia was maintained by target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil and muscle relaxation by intravenously injecting cisatracurium.The occurrence of cerebral regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) and low rSO2 events (rSO2 ＜60％) was recorded at 1 min before anesthesia induction (T0),5 min after inserting the laryngeal mask airway (T1),at skin incision (T2),30 min after skin incision (T3),and at the end of surgery (T4).The consumption of propofol and remifentanil was recorded during surgery.Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients at 1 day before surgery and 7 days after surgery,and the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD,MoCA scores＜ 26) was recorded.Results Compared with group G,the intraoperative consumption of propofol and remifentanil was significantly reduced,rSO2 was increased at T2~,and the incidence of low rSO2 events was decreased,MoCA scores were increased at 7 days after surgery,and the incidence of POCD was decreased in group TG (P＜0.05).Conclusion TAP block can reduce the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia.

Saponins from Paris forrestii(Takht.)H.Li displays potent activity against acute myeloid leukemia by suppressing RNF6/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by the accu-mulation of immature myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow,compromising of normal hematopoi-esis and ultimately resulting in bone marrow failure. Chemotherapy is the mainstay treatment for all AML patients,however,drug resistance and clinical relapse limits its efficacy.The 5-year survival rate of AML patients is only 26.6%.Survival rates are even lower among patients ages 65 to 74 years (5.3%)and 75 years or older(1.6%).Therefore,exploring novel therapeutic agents is urgent for improving the outcome of patients with AML. Saponins are amphipathic glycosides found in traditional Chinese medicines. In the present study, we isolated a panel of saponins from Paris forrestii (Takht.) H. Li, a unique plant found in Tibet and Yunnan provinces, China. By examining their activities in suppressing acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation, total saponins from Paris forrestii (TSPf) displayed more potent activity than individual ones.TSPf induced more than 40% AML cell apoptosis within 24 h and decreased the viability of all leukemia cell lines. TSPf-induced apoptosis was confirmed by both Annexin V staining and caspase-3 activation.TSPf downregulated pro-survival proteins Mcl-1,Bcl-xL and Bcl-2,but upreg-ulated the expression of tumor suppressor proteins p53,p27,Bax and Beclin 1.The AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is frequently over activated in various AML cells,and TSPf was found to suppress the activa-tion of both AKT and mTOR,but had no effects on their total protein expression.This was further con-firmed by the inactivation of 4EBP-1 and p70S6K,two typical downstream signal molecules in the AKT/mTOR pathway. More specifically, TSPf-inactivated AKT/mTOR signaling was found to be associated with downregulated RNF6, a recently identified oncogene in AML. RNF6 activated AKT/mTOR, and consistently, knockdown of RNF6 led to inactivation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, TSPf suppressed the growth of AML xenografts in nude mice models. Oral administration of 100 mg·kg-1 body weight almost fully suppressed tumor growth within 14 d, without gross toxicity. This study thus demonstrated that TSPf displays potent anti-AML activity by suppressing the RNF6/AKT/mTOR pathway. Given its low toxicity,TSPf could be developed for the treatment of AML.

Application of MSCT in the diagnosis of neonatal type (Ⅲ) congenital esophageal atresia / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the value of MSCT in the diagnosis of neonatal type (Ⅲ) congenital esophageal atresia.Methods MSCT data of 25 cases with neonatal type (Ⅲ) congenital esophageal atresia confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.The full preparation before examination and the image post-processing function were checked,and MSCT data were compared with the findings of surgery.Results By full preparation and application of M PR,SSD technology after scanning,the esophageal proximal blind end,and the distance between the two esophageal blind ends were clearly displayed,furthermore,the opening position,morphology and diameter of the distal tracheoesophageal fistula were also showed,and bronchial tree morphology and inflammation in the lung can be visible.Conclusion MSCT full preparation and application of image post processing function are potential to the clinical diagnosis of congenital esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula.

An analysis of periodontal status in desquamative gingivitis and the correlative factors / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To study the clinical periodontal status of patients with desquamative gingivitis (DG) and analyze the factors that influence clinical periodontal indicators.@*Methods @#A purposive sampling method was used to obtain 42 subjects for a DG case group and a control group. Periodontal clinical indicators were detected, and related factors were analyzed. @*Results @#The DG patients were primarily middle-aged women. Periodontal clinical indicators were more prevalent in individuals with oral lichen planus (OLP) and mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) than in the control group. Probing depth (PD) (χ2=53.058, P<0.001; χ2=32.989, P<0.001), clinical attachment (χ2=30.292, P<0.001; χ2=32.470, P<0.001) and the positive rate of bleeding on probing (BOP) (χ2=50.003, P<0.001; χ2=36.236, P<0.001) were higher in the OLP and MMP group than in the control group. The time interval between the onset and treatment of DG was correlated with PD (rs=0.523, P<0.001) and the rate of positive BOP sites (rs=0.377, P=0.014). @*Conclusion@# Patients with DG have obvious periodontal lesions. Early medical intervention is helpful for diagnosing and treating DG-related oral and systemic disease.

Aberrant histone modification in peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes in oral lichen planus / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the histone acetylation level and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity of peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). @*Methods @#Twenty-three OLP patients were selected from August 2016 to January 2017 from the Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathology, and the lesions were divided into a nonerosive OLP group (11 cases) and an erosive OLP group (12 cases). Ten healthy sex- and age-matched volunteers served as controls. Immunomagnetic beads were used to separate CD4+ T lymphocytes, and histones and nucleoproteins were extracted. The global histone H3/H4 acetylation levels and HDAC activity of CD4+ T lymphocytes from all subjects were detected by ELISA. The differences between the OLP and control groups were statistically analyzed. @*Results@#Global histone H3 hypoacetylation was observed in the OLP group compared with the control group (u = -2.410, P = 0.012). However, there was no significant difference in the serum CD4+ T lymphocyte histone H4 acetylation level between the OLP and control group (u = -1.412, P = 0.158). HDAC activity was significantly higher in the OLP group than in the healthy control group (F = 5.749, P = 0.023), and much higher HDAC activity was observed in the erosive group than in the nonerosive (P = 0.014) and healthy control groups (P = 0.001). The degree of histone H3 acetylation correlated negatively with increased HDAC activity in the OLP group (rs = -0.771, P < 0.001). There was no correlation between the level of histone H3 acetylation and HDAC activity in the healthy control group (rs = 0.382,P = 0.276). The histone H4 acetylation level in the OLP group showed no correlation with HDAC activity (rs = 0.149, P = 0.498), and the histone H4 acetylation level in the control group also showed no correlation with HDAC activity (rs = 0.527, P = 0.117).@*Conclusion @#Abnormal histone acetylation of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with OLP was identified and could be related to HDAC activity, suggesting that the epigenetic modification of histone acetylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of OLP.

Effect of Systolic Cardiac Function on Passive Leg Raising for Predicting Fluid Responsiveness: A Prospective Observational Study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Passive leg raising (PLR) represents a "self-volume expansion (VE)" that could predict fluid responsiveness, but the influence of systolic cardiac function on PLR has seldom been reported. This study aimed to investigate whether systolic cardiac function, estimated by the global ejection fraction (GEF) from transpulmonary-thermodilution, could influence the diagnostic value of PLR.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This prospective, observational study was carried out in the surgical Intensive Care Unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from December 2013 to July 2015. Seventy-eight mechanically ventilated patients considered for VE were prospectively included and divided into a low-GEF (<20%) and a near-normal-GEF (≥20%) group. Within each group, baseline hemodynamics, after PLR and after VE (250 ml 5% albumin over 30 min), were recorded. PLR-induced hemodynamic changes (PLR-Δ) were calculated. Fluid responders were defined by a 15% increase of stroke volume (SV) after VE.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-five out of 38 patients were responders in the GEF <20% group, compared to 26 out of 40 patients in the GEF ≥20% group. The thresholds of PLR-ΔSV and PLR-Δ cardiac output (PLR-ΔCO) for predicting fluid responsiveness were higher in the GEF ≥20% group than in the GEF <20% group (ΔSV: 12% vs. 8%; ΔCO: 7% vs. 6%), with increased sensitivity (ΔSV: 92% vs. 92%; ΔCO: 81% vs. 80%) and specificity (ΔSV: 86% vs. 70%; ΔCO: 86% vs. 77%), respectively. PLR-Δ heart rate could predict fluid responsiveness in the GEF ≥20% group with a threshold value of -5% (sensitivity 65%, specificity 93%) but could not in the GEF <20% group. The pressure index changes were poor predictors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In the critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation, the diagnostic value of PLR for predicting fluid responsiveness depends on cardiac systolic function. Thus, cardiac systolic function must be considered when using PLR.</p><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b>Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR-OCH-13004027; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=5540.</p>

Reference range of left ventricular strain measured by three-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging:Meta analysis / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To obtain the normal reference ranges of global longitudinal strain (GLS),global circumferential strain (GCS),global area strain (GAS) and global radial strain (GRS) of left ventricular in normal adults by three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI) using Meta analysis.Methods Eligible trials which detected global strain of left ventricular in normal subject through 3D-STI were searched in Embase,Pubmed,Cochrane Library database.According to the heterogeneity,parameters of contained studies were analyzed the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95％ confidence interval (CI).The statistical software was STATA 12.0.Results Totally 1 552 healthy adults from 27 articles were included.Based on the Meta-analysis,theWMDand 95％CIofGLSwere 17.80 and (16.27,19.33),of GCS were 24.73 and (22.50,26.95),of GRS were 47.86 and (39.52,56.19),of GAS were 36.17 and (34.08,38.26).Conclusion The Meta analysis defines reference range of strains obtained by 3D-STI in healthy adults.Using these parameters of 3D globe strains,a guidance of reference for patienfs management and therapy selection may be provided.

Correlation between Electroencephalogram Alterations and Frontal Cognitive Impairment in Esophageal Cancer Patients Complicated with Depression / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Some esophageal cancer patients complicated with depression exhibit cognitive impairments. Frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) may be used as a reliable biomarker for prefrontal-mediated cognitive functions. This study was to investigate alterations of EEG and frontal cognitive impairment in esophageal cancer patients complicated with depression and to assess their correlation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-five esophageal cancer patients with depression (study group) and 62 healthy controls (control group) were included in this study. The study group were assigned into psychotic depressed (PD, n = 32) and nonpsychotic depressed (NPD, n = 33) subgroups based on complication with psychotic symptoms (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale [BPRS] >35). EEG examination, Beck self-rating depression scale, and BPRS were used to assess clinical symptoms. Chi-square test, two independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Kruskal-Wallis test were utilized to compare the variables between two groups. EEG abnormalities and scores of frontal cognitive function test were analyzed by partial correlation analysis in the PD and NPD subgroups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with control group, the study group displayed greater scores either in the Stroop test (19.89 ± 2.05 vs. 24.12 ± 2.19, P = 0.006) or Color Trails Test (CTT; 11.92 ± 1.01 vs. 15.02 ± 1.63, P = 0.008), and reduced score (35.05 ± 2.01 vs. 32.11 ± 2.38, P = 0.007) in the verbal fluency test (VFT). Compared to NPD subgroup, PD subgroup exhibited increased scores in Stroop test (22.89 ± 2.07 vs. 25.38 ± 2.32, P = 0.009) and CTT (13.16 ± 1.71 vs. 15.82 ± 1.13, P = 0.008). Moreover, increased scores in Stroop test and CTT as well as scores in VFT were associated with the severity of depression. The study group had an abnormal frontal EEG, such as α forward, α asymmetry, α moderation, and increased θ activity relative to control group. Similarly, compared with NPD subgroup, PD subgroup displayed α forward, α asymmetry, and α moderation. The correlation test revealed that α forward and α asymmetry were negatively associated with VFT score, but positively correlated with the scores of CTT and the Stroop test in PD subgroup. In addition, α asymmetry in NPD subgroup was positively related to CTT scores.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study indicated that frontal cognitive impairment in esophageal cancer patients complicated with depression is associated with EEG alterations.</p>

Angiogenesis-related factors expression in oral lichen planus / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# To detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in oral lichen planus (OLP).@*Methods @#Thirty OLP patients and fifteen healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum were collected from 15 healthy volunteers as controls. Normal tissues were collected from surgical department as immunohistochemical analysis. The levels of VEGF, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in serum were measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemical analysis of VEGF, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 were carried out by the means of primary antibodies and anti-VEGF, anti-CD106 antigen (VCAM-1) and anti-CD54 antigen (ICAM-1). @*Results@# ELISA results showed no expression differences for VEGF between the two groups. Whereas, the levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 in OLP group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical results reveal the presence of a significant angiogenesis in OLP patients through the immunoexpression of VEGF, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 according to the percentage of stained cells (P < 0.05).@*Conclusion @# Regarding the results, it seems that high expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 are related to oral lichen planus.

Adsorbability Study of Plastic Transfusion Bottle and Infusion Set to Diazepam / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the adsorbability of plastic transfusion bottle and infusion set to diazepam. METHODS:With the reference of plastic-bottled 5% glucose injection,HPLC was used to determine the changes of mass concentration of diazepam adding into plastic-bottled 5% glucose injection at different time;disposable plastic infusion set was connected to simulate intrave-nous infusion and determine the changes of mass concentration of diazepam in the liquid effluent at different time. RESULTS:The mass concentration of diazepam in glass infusion bottles group was higher than in plastic transfusion bottles group. The adsorbabili-ties of solutions showed the strongest at the time of 15-20 min. The mass concentration of the effluent liquid from the glass bottle group was about 80% of the original concentration and plastic bottle group was about 67%. As the time went on,the adsorbability was gradually saturated at 60 min and the concentration rose again;the mass concentration of the effluent liquid from the glass bot-tle group returned to 95%of the original concentration at 80 min and the plastic bottle group was about 75%of the original concen-tration. CONCLUSIONS:Both plastic infusion bottle and infusion set have strong adsorbability to diazepam. It is suggested that the dosage of diazepam should be increased by 25% to 33% while plastic-bottled 5% glucose injection is used as solvent for intrave-nous drip.

Effect of Zhuangyao Jianshen Wan (ZYJCW) on P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in rats with diuresis caused by kidney deficiency / 中国中药杂志

To investigate the urination-reducing effect and mechanism of Zhuangyao Jianshen Wan (ZYJCW). In this study, SI rats were subcutaneously injected with 150 mg · kg(-1) dose of D-galactose to prepare the sub-acute aging model and randomly divided into the model group, the Suoquan Wan group (1.17 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)), and ZYJCW high, medium and low dose groups (2.39, 1.20, 0.60 g · kg(-1) · d(-1)) , with normal rats in the blank group. They were continuously administered with drugs for eight weeks. The metabolic cage method was adopted to measure the 24 h urine volume and 5 h water load urine volume in rats. The automatic biochemistry analyzer was adopted to detect urine concentrations of Na+, Cl-, K+. The ELISA method was used to determine serum aldosterone (ALD) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The changes in P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in bladder tissues of rats were detected by RT-PCR. According to the results, both ZYJCW high and medium dose groups showed significant down-regulations in 24 h urine volume and 5 h water load urine volume in (P <0.05, P <0.01), declines in Na+ and Cl- concentrations in urine (P <0.01), notable rises in plasma ALD and ADH contents (P <0.05, P <0.01) and remarkable down-regulations in the P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in bladder tissues (P <0.01). The ZYJCW low dose group revealed obvious reductions in Na+ and Cl- concentrations in urine (P <0.01). The results indicated that ZYJCW may show the urination-reducing effect by down-regulating the P2X1 and P2X3 mRNA expressions in bladder tissues of rats with diuresis caused by kidney deficiency.

MRP1 expression and bronchial epithelial function in lipopolysaccharide-induced rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国实验动物学报

Objective To study the impact of establishment of lipopolysaccharide ( LPS )-induced rat model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)on the function of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1(MRP1)in the rat bronchial epithelium .Methods Using intratracheal instillation of LPS to establish COPD rat model .8-week old healthy male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (10 rats in each group ):(1) Normal control;(2) Modeling for 14 days after LPS instillation;(3) Modeling for 28 days after LPS instillation.Pulmonary function and the concentration of phenol red in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF) and plasma were measured .The ratio of phenol red concentration in BALF/plasma was used as an index of the MRP 1 function in the rat bronchial epithelium and the expression of MRP 1 in the bronchial epi-thelium was also observed by immunohistochemistry .Results Compared with the normal group , the pulmonary functions of the rats in the model groups were significantly reduced along with the modeling progress .After intravenous administration of phenol red, the ratio of phenol red concentration in BALF/plasma was gradually reduced , and the expression of MRP1 in the bronchial epithelium was significantly decreased .Conclusions COPD rat model can be established by intratracheal LPS instillation, and the function of MRP1 in bronchial epithelium was gradually reduced along with the modeling progress .

Protective effect of six Kaixin San formulas on nerve cells injured by different materials / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effect of six Kaixin San formulas on simulated cells model of depression, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The in vitro simulated cells model of depression, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease was established by injuring SH-SY5Y cells with corticosterone (0.4 mmol x L(-1)) , injuring PC12 cells with neurotoxic amyloid peptide (Abeta25-35) (20 micromol x L(-1)) and injuring SH-SY5Y cells with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) (250 micromol x L(-1)). The cell survival rate was assayed with MTT method and the degree of cell injury was detected with LDH.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>100, 500 mg x L(-1) Dingzhixiao Wan prepared as mentioned in Beiji Qianjin Yaofang could significantly increase the survival ratio of SH-SY5Y cells injured by corticosterone and reduce LDH concentration released. All of the Kaixin San formulas could significantly increase the survival ratio of PC12 cells injured by Abeta25-35 and reduce LDH concentration released. Particularly, Kaixin San (10, 100, 500 mg L(-1)) prepared as mentioned in Beiji Qianjin Yaofang shown the best effect. And 500 mg x L(-1) Fushen Wan prepared as mentioned in Gujin Luyan could significantly increase survival ratio of SH-SY5Y cell injured by MPP and reduce LDH concentration released.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Dingzhixiao Wan prepared as mentioned in Beiji Qianjin Yaofang could protect corticosterone-induced SH-SY5Ycells injury, showing a potential antidepressant effect. All of the six Kaixin San formulas could protect Abeta25-35-induced PC12 cells injury, but Kaixin San prepared as mentioned in Beiji Qianjin Yaofang shown the best potential effect for Alzheimer's disease. Fushen Wan prepared as mentioned in Gujin Luyan could protect MPP(+)-induced SH-SY5Y cells injury to some extent.</p>